12th Zoology - TamilNadu State Board (English Medium)
UNIT I
Chapter 1: Reproduction in Organisms
1. Reproduction in Organisms - Zoology
2. Modes of reproduction - Reproduction in Organisms
3. Asexual reproduction - Reproduction in Organisms
4. Sexual reproduction - Reproduction in Organisms
5. Reproduction in Organisms: Summary - Zoology
6. Reproduction in Organisms: Questions and Answers (Evaluation) - Book Back Important Questions Answers | Choose the Correct Answers | Short, brief Answers | Zoology
Chapter 2: Human Reproduction
1. Human Reproduction - Zoology
2. Human reproductive system
3. Gametogenesis - Spermatogenesis, Structure of human spermatozoan, Oogenesis, Structure of ovum - Human Reproduction
4. Spermatogenesis - Gametogenesis - Human Reproduction
5. Structure of human spermatozoan - Gametogenesis - Human Reproduction
6. Oogenesis - Gametogenesis - Human Reproduction
7. Structure of ovum - Gametogenesis - Human Reproduction
8. Menstural cycle - Human Reproduction
9. Menstrual disorders - Human Reproduction
10. Fertilisation and implantation - Human Reproduction
11. Maintenance of pregnancy and embryonic development - Human Reproduction
12. Parturition and lactation - Human Reproduction
13. Human Reproduction: Summary - Zoology
14. Human Reproduction: Questions and Answers (Evaluation) - Book Back Important Questions Answers | Choose the Correct Answers | Short, brief Answers
Chapter 3: Reproductive Health
1. Reproductive Health - Zoology
2. Need for reproductive health-Problems and strategies - Reproductive Health
3. Amniocentesis and its statutory ban - Reproductive Health
4. Social impact of sex ratio, female foeticide and infanticide - Reproductive Health
5. Population explosion and birth control methods - Reproductive Health
6. Medical termination of pregnancy (MTP) - Reproductive Health
7. Sexually transmitted diseases (STD) - Reproductive Health
8. Infertility - causes - Reproductive Health
9. Assisted reproductive technology (ART) - Reproductive Health
10. Detection of foetal disorders during early pregnancy - Reproductive Health
11. Reproductive Health: Summary - Zoology
12. Reproductive Health: Questions and Answers (Evaluation) - Book Back Important Questions Answers | Choose the Correct Answers | Short, brief Answers | Zoology
UNIT II
Chapter 4: Principles of Inheritance and Variation
1. Principles of Inheritance and Variation - Zoology
2. Multiple alleles - Principles of Inheritance and Variation
3. Human Blood Groups - Principles of Inheritance and Variation
4. Genetic control of Rh factor - Principles of Inheritance and Variation
5. Sex Determination - Principles of Inheritance and Variation
6. Sex Linked Inheritance - Principles of Inheritance and Variation
7. Karyotyping - Preparation of Karyotype, Applications of Karyotyping - Principles of Inheritance and Variation
8. Pedigree Analysis - Principles of Inheritance and Variation
9. Mendelian disorders - Principles of Inheritance and Variation
10. Chromosomal Abnormalities - Principles of Inheritance and Variation
11. Extra chromosomal / cytoplasmic inheritance - Principles of Inheritance and Variation
12. Eugenics, Euphenics and Euthenics - Principles of Inheritance and Variation
13. Principles of Inheritance and Variation: Summary - Zoology
14. Principles of Inheritance and Variation: Questions and Answers (Evaluation) - Book Back Important Questions Answers | Choose the Correct Answers | Short, brief Answers | Zoology
Chapter 5: Molecular Genetics
1. Molecular Genetics - Zoology
2. Gene as the functional unit of inheritance - Zoology
3. In search of the genetic material - Zoology
4. DNA is the genetic material - Molecular Genetics
5. Chemistry of Nucleic Acids - Molecular Genetics
6. RNA world - Molecular Genetics
7. Properties of genetic material (DNA versus RNA) - Molecular Genetics
8. Packaging of DNA helix - Molecular Genetics
9. DNA Replication - Molecular Genetics
10. Transcription - Molecular Genetics
11. Genetic Code - Molecular Genetics
12. tRNA - the adapter molecule - Molecular Genetics
13. Mechanism of Translation - Molecular Genetics
14. Regulation of gene expression - Molecular Genetics
15. Human Genome Project (HGP) - Goals and methodologies, Salient features, Applications and future challenges - Molecular Genetics
16. DNA fingerprinting technique - Steps, Application - Molecular Genetics
17. Molecular Genetics: Summary - Zoology
18. Molecular Genetics: Questions and Answers (Evaluation) - Book Back Important Questions Answers | Choose the Correct Answers | Short, brief Answers | Zoology
Chapter 6: Evolution
1. Evolution - Zoology
2. Origin of life - Evolution of life forms
3. Geological time scale - Evolution
4. Biological evolution - Zoology
5. Experimental approach to the origin of life - Biological evolution
6. Evidences for biological evolution
7. Theories of biological evolution
8. Mechanism of evolution - Zoology
9. Hardy - Weinberg Principle - Evolution
10. Origin and Evolution of Man
11. Isolating Mechanism - Evolution
12. Speciation - Evolution
13. Extinction of Animals - Evolution
14. Evolution: Summary - Zoology
15. Evolution: Questions and Answers (Evaluation) - Book Back Important Questions Answers | Choose the Correct Answers | Short, brief Answers | Zoology
UNIT III
Chapter 7: Human Health and Diseases
1. Human Health and Diseases - Zoology
2. Common diseases in human beings
3. Maintenance of personal and public hygiene - Human Health and Diseases
4. Adolescence - drug and alcohol abuse - Human Health
5. Mental health - Depression - Signs and symptoms of mental depression - Human Health and Diseases
6. Lifestyle disorders in human beings - Human Health and Diseases
7. Human Health and Diseases: Summary - Zoology
8. Human Health and Diseases: Questions and Answers (Evaluation) - Book Back Important Questions Answers | Choose the Correct Answers | Short, brief Answers | Zoology
Chapter 8: Immunology
1. Immunology - Zoology
2. Basic concepts of immunology - Zoology
3. Innate immunity - Immunology
4. Acquired immunity - Components, Types of acquired immunity - Immunology
5. Immune responses - Immunology
6. Lymphoid organs - Immunology
7. Antigens and Types of antigens - Immunology
8. Antibodies - Immunology
9. Antigen and antibody interaction - Immunology
10. Vaccines - Types - Immunology
11. Vaccination and immunization - Immunology
12. Hypersentivity - Overactive Immune Response - Immunology
13. Immunodeficiency disease -Ineffective immune response - AIDS - Immunology
14. Autoimmune diseases - Immunology
15. Tumour immunology - Immunology
16. Immunology: Summary - Zoology
17. Immunology: Questions and Answers (Evaluation) - Book Back Important Questions Answers | Choose the Correct Answers | Short, brief Answers | Zoology
Chapter 9: Microbes in Human Welfare
1. Microbes in Human Welfare - Zoology
2. Microbes in household products - Zoology
3. Microbes in industrial products - Microbes in Human Welfare
4. Microbes in sewage treatment and energy generation - Microbes in Human Welfare
5. Microbes in the production of biogas (Gobar gas) - Zoology
6. Microbes as bio control agents and biofertilisers - Zoology
7. Bioremediation - Zoology
8. Microbes in Human Welfare: Summary - Zoology
9. Microbes in Human Welfare: Questions and Answers (Evaluation) - Book Back Important Questions Answers | Choose the Correct Answers | Short, brief Answers | Zoology
UNIT IV
Chapter 10: Applications of biotechnology
1. Applications of biotechnology - Zoology
2. Applications of biotechnology in Medicine
3. Gene Therapy - Applications of biotechnology
4. Stem Cell Therapy - Applications of biotechnology
5. Molecular Diagnostics - Applications of biotechnology
6. Transgenic Animals - Applications of biotechnology
7. Uses of Transgenesis
8. Biological products and their uses - Applications of biotechnology
9. Animal Cloning - Applications of biotechnology
10. Advantages and Disadvantages of Cloning Animals
11. Biotechnology Ethical Issues
12. Regulations in Biotechnology
13. Possible threats of Genetically Modified Organisms - Biotechnology
14. Biosafety Guidelines - Biotechnology
15. Applications of biotechnology: Summary - Zoology
16. Applications of biotechnology: Questions and Answers (Evaluation) - Book Back Important Questions Answers | Choose the Correct Answers | Short, brief Answers | Zoology
UNIT V
Chapter 11: Organisms Reproductive and Population
1. Organisms Reproductive and Population - Zoology
2. Organism and its environment - Organisms Reproductive and Population
3. Habitat - Organisms Reproductive and Population
4. Major Abiotic Components or Factors - Organisms Reproductive and Population
5. Concept of biome and their distribution
6. Responses to Abiotic Factors - Organisms Reproductive and Population
7. Adaptations - Organisms Reproductive and Population
8. Populations - Organisms Reproductive and Population
9. Population Attributes - Organisms Reproductive and Population
10. Population Age Distribution - Organisms Reproductive and Population
11. Growth Models / Curves - Organisms Reproductive and Population
12. Population Regulation - Organisms Reproductive and Population
13. Population Interaction - Organisms Reproductive and Population
14. Organisms Reproductive and Population: Summary - Zoology
15. Organisms Reproductive and Population: Questions and Answers (Evaluation) - Book Back Important Questions Answers | Choose the Correct Answers | Short, brief Answers | Zoology
Chapter 12: Biodiversity and its conservation
1. Biodiversity and its conservation - Zoology
2. Biodiversity
3. Importance of biodiversity - Global and India - Zoology
4. Biogeographical regions of India - Zoology
5. Threats to biodiversity - Zoology
6. Causes of biodiversity loss - Zoology
7. IUCN - The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN)
8. Biodiversity and its conservation
9. Restoration of Degraded Habitat - Biodiversity and its conservation
10. Biodiversity Act (BDA)
11. Biodiversity and its conservation: Summary
12. Biodiversity and its conservation: Questions and Answers (Evaluation) - Book Back Important Questions Answers | Choose the Correct Answers | Short, brief Answers | Zoology
Chapter 13: Environmental Issues
1. Environmental Issues - Zoology
2. Pollution and Classification of Pollutants - Environmental Issues
3. Air Pollution - Environmental Issues
4. Water Pollution - Environmental Issues
5. Noise Pollution - Environmental Issues
6. Agrochemicals - Environmental Issues
7. Biomagnification - Environmental Issues
8. Eutrophication - Environmental Issues
9. Organic Farming and Its Implementation - Environmental Issues
10. Solid Waste Management - Environmental Issues
11. Global Environment Change - Environmental Issues
12. Impact on Marine Ecosystems - Environmental Issues
13. Ozone Depletion - Causes and effects of ozone layer depletion - Environmental Issues
14. Deforestation - Environmental Issues
15. People�s Participation in Conservation of Forests - Environmental Issues
16. Ecosan Toilets - Environmental Issues
17. Environmental Issues: Summary - Zoology
18. Environmental Issues: Questions and Answers (Evaluation) - Book Back Important Questions Answers | Choose the Correct Answers | Short, brief Answers | Zoology
Glossary
1. Glossary and Definitions in Zoology
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